Lots Of Summer Left But Shorter Days Becoming Noticeable

The Valley just had 3 straight days with highs around 90 degrees and the pattern for much of August looks like a warmer-than-average one so there is still plenty of hot Summer weather ahead of us. That said, we are now over 6 weeks removed from the solstice (the longest day of the year) and the daily reduction of daylight is accelerating.  We are about to enter what I like to call "Solar" Autumn, or the 3 months of the year in which the days get "shorter" at the fastest rate.Since the "longest" day of the year, we have about an hour less daylight to enjoy as of August 6.For many, the change may be most noticeable in the evening hours and the earlier sunsets will really become apparent by the end of this month. Hard to believe that we are less than 3 months away from the start of Standard Time and 5:00-5:15 sunsets.Total daylight right now is still north of 14 hours but with a loss of 2 minutes and 30-40 seconds per day late in the Summer and early in Fall, the numbers really start falling fast.The sun is getting a bit lower in the sky and sunrises and sunsets are edging closer due due east/west as we head toward the equinox.  The yellow line is where the sun rises and the dark orange is sunset.

How Youngstown's Climate Is Changing In A Warming World

Yes this post is about climate change. It's incredibly unfortunate that this subject has been made part science and part politics, but that's life in 2018. I'd like to discuss some short- and long-term trends for our area but first, let's get a few things out of the way.https://youtu.be/Z4bSxb5THm4

  1. It is scientific fact that the Earth is warming and this process seems to be accelerating.
  2. It is a widely held belief that human activity is at least partly responsible for the changes that have occurred in the last 100 years and especially the last 30 years. The PERCENT of climate change that rests at the feet of human activity? That's not something that scientists have a great deal of confidence in. But it's certainly not 100% or 0%.
  3. Climate change will benefit some populations across the planet. But for some, it's very bad news.

One way to think about the relationship between climate change and the impact on weather: the "steroid era" in baseball.

Remember back in the mid to late 90s when the home run numbers shot through the roof? Well as it turns out a lot of those guys were hopped up on high doses of steroids. Now, every time Sammy Sosa hit a home run was it because he was on steroids? NO! Some of those home runs would have occurred regardless. But the odds of Sosa hitting a home run in any given at bat were higher because of the steroids. In weather: is every intense hurricane, record-breaking winter storm or devastating wildfire to be blamed on climate change? No way. Many of these events would have occurred anyway. But the odds of extreme weather events is now higher thanks to the changed characteristics of the atmosphere above our heads.Climate Change

Changes in our local weather in recent years

How has the weather in the Youngstown area changed in recent years. In can be summarized like this: wetter and warmer.TEMPERATURE CHANGES: When we look at average temperatures in 30 year chunks, every single month has been warmer during the last 30 years than during the previous 30 years. The changes are, easily, most noticeable in the winter months. Warning Temps By Month.pngOn a shorter time scale, it's pretty amazing how daily record high temperatures have outpaced record lows over the last several years. This is just 11 years of data but I suspect looking at 20 or even 30 years would yield similar results. Record Highs and Lows PRECIPITATION CHANGESOur region sees more precipitation than it used to. Partly a natural cycle? Yeah probably. But partly because the planet is warming? Yeah probably. Warmer air can "hold" more water vapor. For each degree of warming, the air's capacity for water vapor goes up by about 7 percent. An atmosphere with more moisture can produce more frequent precipitation events and more frequent intense precipitation eventstotalprecipThe 30-year average annual precipitation in Youngstown was 36.80" in 1988 and is now 40.17".MORE SNOW??It's counter-intuitive to think that climate change/global warming means MORE snow. But snow totals have been trending up in recent years. People think of the 70s as a super snowy decade but recent decades have been quite a bit snowier. Snow Each Decade YNG CAK PITWhen we look at the snowiest winters on record in Youngstown, just look at how many winters since 2000 are in the top 20:topsnowiestShould you be worried? I am not going to tell anyone how to feel. That's entirely up to you. Scientifically, the impacts of climate change are unlikely to be as threatening to lives and property in our region as in some parts of the planetRegardless of what you think about climate change, we should all be good stewards of the earth. Will buying a hybrid or recycling more or eating fewer animal products make a dent in this global phenomenon? No. But making different choices can't hurt either.   

August Outlook: Warm Like July But More Rain Than July

The final month of "meteorological" summer gets underway Wednesday. Before we get to the forecast for August, let's quickly review July.July started hotter than a firecracker. The heat was accompanied by some remarkably dry weather, too. Yards browned up in a hurry.CalenderPrecipCalenderJuly was the warmest since 2012 in Youngstown. Nowhere near the top of the record book but significant nonetheless. 2018-07-31_20-12-13We were not alone. Many parts of the US had a warmer-than-average July. Temperature anomalies: prism_conus_tavg_anom_MTDAugust will get underway with fairly seasonable weather through Friday. After that, we are going to get back into the kind of pattern that produced the hot weather in early July. The first half of August looks quite hot...the second half may feature more frequent cool shots. Overall, odds favor another warmer-than-average month. The highest departures from average should end up being in New England. CPC Monthly TempsWhile a *WET* month does not seem likely, odds are favoring a month with more frequent rains than July. That, combined with the bouts of wet weather that we had in late July, means that we should avoid widespread drought conditions this summer. CPC Monthly PrecipBy the way, August has been one of our more benign months in recent years, at least as far as temperatures go. 2016 was the exception; it was the 7th warmest August on record.  Otherwise, temperatures have been pretty close to the average (combining highs and lows) of 68.1. In fact, 2017 and 2013 were exactly average. august

BLOG: Is Worst Of Summer Heat Behind Us?

The hot weather pattern that overtook the region during the month of May has not really let up since. Sure, June was not as warm (compared to the averages) than May but it will still toasty. And July has been a scorcher so far. One of the ways we look at the intensity of summer heat is by tracking the number of days where the temperature hit at least 90 degrees.  90 is kind of arbitrary......yes. We've had plenty of days with temperatures in the upper 80s with high humidity. Those days don't feel that much different than when the temperature is 91.Anyway, here's where we stand. The 10 90 degree days are the most since the very hot summer of 2012:Meteorological summer is a little over halfway over and the temperature numbers are impressive.This translates into 2018 being the 4th hottest front half of summer in the last 50 years.What's been particularly noticeable are the warm nights. The first half of summer featured the 2nd warmest mean nighttime temperatures in the last 50s years. Only 1981 was warmer.When we look at overnight low temperatures for the entire summer (June-August), you can see a trend in recent years toward warmer nights.The spring and early summer were pretty wet but the pattern of late has been rather dry. Thunderstorms over the last couple of days have helped. Rain compared to average over the last 30 days:

PATTERN CHANGES AHEAD

I think the dominant pattern that has produced consistent warmth (compared to average) for 2 months now is about to give way to a "less warm" regime.  The signal is growing stronger on our medium and long range models. Check out the most recent run of the European model for the next 10 days:Notice the lack of red and orange over our area. The heat will become centered over the south and west. Cooler-than-average air will visit the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley with higher frequency.  I suspect this pattern will be one that also produces more opportunities for wet weather.How long does it last? I am leaning toward this being a pattern that has some legs....lasting at least a couple of weeks and maybe longer. The LONG range version of the European model goes out 46 days and while it does advertise some hot periods in mid August...overall it has a cool look.So, there are signs that the worst of summer's heat is now behind us. There will be hot days to come.....but it's likely to be with less frequency than we have seen so far.Next week....our averages start falling. The slide to winter begins!